Theory and practice of numerical-field analysis and refinement of electromagnetic and energy parameters in the designs of three-phase induction motors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2026.1.01Keywords:
three-phase induction motor, automated numerical-field calculations, magnetic field, FEMM, electromagnetic and energy parameters, verification and refinement of design dataAbstract
Introduction. The paper is devoted to improving the designs of three-phase induction motors (TIMs) based on the application of numerical calculations of their magnetic fields. Considering that the classical system for designing TIMs does not always provide sufficient accuracy of their design parameters, this task is relevant and therefore the developed motors require experimental refinement and additional time and money accordingly. Problem. In classic design of TIMs, magnetic calculations are performed based on magnetic circuit theory. The magnetic circuit of TIMs is divided into conditionally homogeneous sections, on which the magnetic quantities are considered to be distributed evenly, but their real distribution is much more complicated. This approach leads to error in determining the electromagnetic parameters of TIMs and, as a result, inaccuracies in energy, mechanical, thermal, etc. calculations. The goal of the paper is to further develop the existing system for designing TIMs by refining it using numerical-field calculations of electromagnetic and energy parameters. Methodology. The methodology is based on numerical-field verification and refinement of classical design of TIMs. It is strictly deterministic, despite the complexity of linear and nonlinear interrelationships of its structural, electromagnetic, and energy parameters, and therefore it is amenable to adequate algorithmization and programming using iterative calculations. The theoretical foundations of the methodology are reinforced by harmonic analysis of time functions of electromagnetic quantities and a refined determination of the differential leakage resistance of the stator winding. The tool for implementing the methodology is the FEMM program in conjunction with the created Lua scripts. Results. Numerical-field calculations of the electromagnetic and energy parameters of the test TIM developed according to the classical design were performed. This motor has been tested within the synchronous idle and rated load conditions. This demonstrated a sufficiently high efficiency of the provided theoretical and practical foundations of numerical-field calculations and revealed that the TIM project does not meet the declared power and voltage requirement. To reach their nominal values, the method for refining the magnetizing current of the stator winding and the rotor slip is provided. Scientific novelty of this paper is the system of numerical-field calculations of electromagnetic and energy parameters of TIMs, which, in conjunction with the iterative process, ensures its output to the specified nominal stator winding voltage and output power while simultaneously varying the magnetizing current and slip. Practical value. The methodology of numerical-field calculations of TIMs based on the FEMM program and the Lua script is recommended to be integrated into the automated design system for these motors. In addition to verifying and refining the parameters of the designed TIMs, the developed methodology and program can be used to obtain a set of refined operating characteristics in an automated calculation mode. References 29, tables 5, figures 9.
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