Control of an autonomous wind energy conversion system based on doubly fed induction generator supplying a non-linear load
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2025.4.01Keywords:
doubly fed induction generator, wind power, variable speed, autonomous operation, permanent magnet synchronous machineAbstract
Introduction. Nowadays, many researches are being done on wind turbines providing electrical energy to a stable power grid by via a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), but the studies on the autonomous networks are rare, due the difficulty of controlling powers often close to the nominal power of the generator. Goal. This paper presents a variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) autonomous control system to supply isolated loads (linear or non-linear). The main objective is the design of an effective strategy to reduce harmonic currents induced via the non-linear loads such as rectifier bridge with 6 diodes. The novelty of the work consists in study of system composed of a DFIG providing energy by his stator to a stand-alone grid. It uses a static converter connected to the rotor allowing operation in hypo and hyper synchronism. A permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) connected to a wind turbine supplies this converter, that is sized proportionately to the variation range of the necessary rotational speed. In the case of linear loads there is no problem, all desired parameters are well controlled but in the non-linear loads case such as rectifier bridge with 6 diodes there is the harmonic problem. For this purpose, to reduce this harmonic, the proposed solution is the installation of a LC filter. Methods. The DFIG is controlled to provide a constant voltage in amplitude and frequency independently of the grid load or the drive turbine speed. This command is vector control in a reference related to the stator field. The stator flux is aligned along the d axis of this landmark allowing thus the decoupling of the active and reactive stator powers of DFIG. The DFIG is controlled by an internal control loop of rotor flux and an external control loop of output stator voltage. We present also the control of the PMSM and the DC bus of the converter. The PMSM is controlled by an internal control loop of the current and an external control loop of the continuous bus of the converter according to its nominal value. The control system of wind generator based on the maximum power point tracking and the control of bus continuous at output rectifier knowing that the non-linear loads introduce high harmonic currents and disrupt the proper functioning of the system. The installation of a LC filter between the stator and the network to be supplied reduce harmonics. Results. Simulation results carried out on MATLAB/Simulink show that this filter allows obtaining a quasi-sinusoidal network voltage and it also has the advantage of a simple structure, a good efficiency and a great performance. This proves the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed system for different loads (linear or non-linear). Practical value. This proposed system is very performing and useful compared to others because it ensures the permanent production of electricity at VSCF to feed isolated sites, whatever the load supplied (linear or non-linear), without polluting the environment so that the use of wind energy is very important to reduce the greenhouse effect. References 34, figures 9.
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