Measurement and analysis of common and differential modes conducted emissions generated by an AC/DC converter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272X.2022.4.09Keywords:
electromagnetic disturbances, rectifier, line impedance stabilizing network, common mode, differential mode, simulation, measurementAbstract
Introduction. Rectifiers are the most important converters in a very wide field: the transport of electrical energy in direct current and in the applications of direct current motors. In most electrical and electronic systems, rectifiers are non-linear loads made up of diodes, therefore they are a source of harmonic pollution at a base frequency with a distorting line current signal that generates electromagnetic interference. There are two disturbance modes: common mode and differential mode. These disturbances caused by the rapid variation of current and voltage as a function of time due to the switching of active components, passive components such as inductors, capacitors, coupling, etc. The purpose of this work is to study the conducted emissions generated by a rectifier connected to the Line Impedance Stabilizing Network in an electric circuit. The determination of these disturbances is done for firstly both common and differential modes at high frequency, and secondly harmonics current, line current at low frequency. The novelty of the proposed work consists in presenting a study of disturbance generated by rectifiers using simulation and also experimental measurements at low and high frequencies in order to compare the results. Methods. For the study of the disturbances conducted by the diode bridge converter (rectifier), the sources of conducted electromagnetic disturbances were presented in the first time. Then, the common and differential modes were defined. This converter was studied by LTspice Software for simulation and also experimental measurements at low frequency for harmonics current and high frequencies for disturbances in common and differential modes. Results. All the simulations were performed using the LTspice software and the results obtained are validated by experimental measurements performed in the APELEC laboratory at the University of Sidi Bel-Abbes in Algeria. The obtained results of conducted emissions at high frequency and total harmonics distortion of current at low frequency are compared between simulation and experiment.
References
Slimani H., Zeghoudi A., Bendaoud A., Reguig A., Benazza B., Benhadda N. Experimental Measurement of Conducted Emissions Generated by Static Converters in Common and Differential Modes. European Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 273-279. doi: https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.230312.
Zeghoudi A., Bendaoud A., Canale L., Tilmatine A., Slimani H. Common Mode and Differential Mode noise of AC/DC LED Driver. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2021, pp. 1-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC/ICPSEurope51590.2021.9584616.
Miloudi M., Bendaoud A., Miloudi H. Common and differential modes of conducted electromagnetic interference switching power converters. Revue Roumaine des Sciences Techniques Serie Electrotechnique et Energetique, 2017, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 246-251.
Miloudi M., Bendaoud A., Miloudi H., Nemmich S. Etude et Réduction des Emissions Conduites Générées par l’Alimentation à Découpage (SMPS). Conférence national sur l’inductique. CI'03, Tizi–Ouzou, Algérie, April 2013. (Fra).
Fakhfakh L., Ammous A. New simplified model for predicting conducted EMI in DC/DC converters. Electrical Engineering, 2017, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 1087-1097. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-016-0474-2.
Miloudi M., Bendaoud A., Miloudi H. Characterization of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Generated by Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS). International Electrical Engineering Conference, Nov. 2012, Batna, Algeria.
Song Zhenfei, Su Donglin, Dai Fei, Duval F., Louis A. A novel electromagnetic radiated emission source identification methodology. 2010 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2010, pp. 645-648. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/APEMC.2010.5475803.
Costa F., Rojat G. CEM en Electronique de Puissance, Sources de Perturbations, Couplage, SEM. Techniques de l’ingénieur, Traité Génie Electrique, D 3290, 15 Août, 2008. (Fra).
Hanzelka Z., Bien A. Guide Power Quality, Section 3: Harmoniques. Leonardo Energy, Edition Août 2007, AGH University of Science and Technology.
Zeghoudi A., Bendaoud A., Canale L., Tilmatine A., Slimani H. Determination of Power Factor and Harmonic Distortion of AC/DC LED Driver. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2021 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2021, pp. 1-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/EEEIC/ICPSEurope51590.2021.9584665.
Roger C. Dugan, Surya Santoso, Mark F. McGranaghan, H. Wayne Beaty. Electrical Power System Quality. McGraw Hill Professional, 2002. 528 p.
Zeghoudi A., Bendaoud A., Slimani H., Benazza B., Bennouna D. Determination of electromagnetic disturbances in a buck chopper. Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2022, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 149-157. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1448837X.2021.2023073.
Miloudi H., Bendaoud A., Miloudi M. Réduction des perturbation électromagnétique conduites dans la machine asynchrone. Mediterranean Journal of Modeling and Simulation, 2014, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 8-15.
Miloudi H., Bendaoud A., Miloudi M., Gourbi A., Slimani H. Common Mode conducted electromagnetic interference in inverter fed-AC motor. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2010, vol. 86, no. 12, pp. 272-275.
Miloudi M., Miloudi H., Bendaoud A., Salhi M.A., Al-Omari A.N. Experimental characterization of the high-frequency isolating power transformer. Elektrotehniski Vestnik/Electrotechnical Review, 2019, vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 211-218.
Chikhi N., Bendaoud A. Evaluation of Conducted Disturbances Generated by the Chopper-rectifier Association Propagating to the Electrical Network. European Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2019, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.18280/ejee.210101.
Tarateeraseth V., Maio I.A., Canavero F.G. Assessment of Equivalent Noise Source Approach for EMI Simulations of Boost Converter. 2009 20th International Zurich Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2009, pp. 353-356. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCZUR.2009.4783463.
Fakhfakh L., Ammous A. New simplified model for predicting conducted EMI in DC/DC converters. Electrical Engineering, 2017, vol. 99, no. 3, pp. 1087-1097. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-016-0474-2.
Leitungstheorie B., Moschytz G.S., Brugger U., Rosenblatt J. Transmission on Lines. 1998. 61 p. Available at: http://ivanlef0u.fr/repo/madchat/coding/electro/Transmission%2520sur%2520lignes.pdf (accessed 10 May 2021).
Angénieux G. Transmission Lines in Harmonic and Transient Regime. University of Savoy, France, 2009.
Montrose M.I. Printed circuit Board Design Techniques For EMC Compliance. A Handbook for Designers, 2nd Edition. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2000, 336 p.
Wang S. Characterization and Cancellation of High-Frequency Parasitics for EMI Filters and Noise Separators in Power Electronics Applications. Thèse de Doctorat, Faculté de l'Institut polytechnique de Virginie, May 2002. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27885 (accessed 15 July 2021).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 A. Zeghoudi, H. Slimani, A. Bendaoud, B. Benazza, S. Bechekir, H. Miloudi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.